home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- <text id=89TT3134>
- <title>
- Nov. 27, 1989: From Polonia With Love
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Nov. 27, 1989 Art And Money
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- NATION, Page 22
- From Polonia with Love
- </hdr><body>
- <p>By J. Madeleine Nash
- </p>
- <p> Prominently displayed in Chicago last week stood three
- 40-ft.-long containers loaded with food and medicine bound for
- Gdansk, Krakow and Warsaw. The desperately needed cartons of
- flour, baby food, pasta, antibiotics, surgical gloves and
- hospital linens are manifestations of one of the most profound
- changes brought about by Poland's dramatic opening to the West.
- A Polish government is at last receiving the enthusiastic
- support and recognition of "Polonia," as Poles who have left
- their homeland refer to the colonies they have established in
- other countries. In the week that brought Lech Walesa to the
- Windy City, it was evident that the heady transformations in
- Poland have also stirred a seemingly insular and parochial
- community.
- </p>
- <p> With more than a million residents of Polish descent, the
- Chicago area is the unofficial capital of Polonia. Many of the
- janitors and cleaning women who vacuum and scrub the city's
- high-rises and the clerks who sell kielbasa and clothing in the
- shops along Milwaukee Avenue speak little or no English. News
- about the old country is broadcast in Polish on radio and
- television and headlined by the daily Zgoda (circ. 15,000) and
- at least a dozen thriving Polish-language weeklies. The reaction
- of leading commentators in recent months has sometimes bordered
- on euphoria. "Events in Poland have infected the rest of Eastern
- Europe," exclaims George Migala, host of the popular radio show
- Voice of Polonia. They have also infected Chicago.
- </p>
- <p> The Poles came to Chicago in three large waves. Between
- 1890 and 1930, more than 350,000 Polish peasants poured into the
- city to labor in the steel mills and meat-packing plants. Their
- descendants now live in the suburbs or in neat bungalows on
- Chicago's northwest and southwest sides. As Stalin's Iron
- Curtain fell across Eastern Europe after World War II, another
- flood of immigrants arrived, many of them soldiers who had
- fought with the Allied forces.
- </p>
- <p> The latest migration began in the late 1970s, accelerating
- after martial law was declared in Poland in 1981. Among the
- 30,000 new Polonians to arrive in Chicago were cosmopolitan
- intellectuals who found they had little in common with their
- predecessors. "Polka is not a Polish dance," laughs Bozena
- Nowicka, who teaches Polish at Loyola University. "Pirogen is
- not a noble dish. Polish America is an archive for a culture
- that no longer exists." In June, Nowicka and 4,500 other new
- Polonians lined up outside the Polish consulate in Chicago to
- cast their votes in the historic election back home that
- catapulted Solidarity leaders into a position of power.
- </p>
- <p> The June election proved a turning point for old Polonia as
- well. For the first time in its 45-year history, the powerful,
- traditionally anti-Communist Polish American Congress
- established official relations with representatives of the
- Polish government. In October a P.A.C. delegation traveled to
- Poland to meet with the leaders of the new coalition government,
- Communist and Solidarity alike. Since 1981, in response to a
- special plea from Walesa, P.A.C. has channeled $150 million in
- emergency relief to Poland. "We Americans of Polish descent are
- going to help our brothers in Poland as much as we can,"
- declares P.A.C. President Edward Moskal. At the top of P.A.C.'s
- priority list is getting American companies to help revive
- Polish agriculture. "Farmers in Poland have tractors," says
- Moskal, "but they have no spare parts. They are plowing their
- fields with horses."
- </p>
- <p> Last week the Polish-American Economic Forum, a group
- allied with the new Polonians, held its first national meeting.
- "Our purpose is to encourage private investment in Poland,"
- declared forum chairman Mitchell Kobelinski, a Chicago banker.
- The low cost of Polish labor is a prime selling point. "When
- you're in business, you cannot afford to be merely patriotic,"
- said Polish American fashion designer Yolanda Lorente. "In
- Poland I see a great opportunity for making money." Lorente is
- setting up a joint venture with a Polish firm. Kobelinski is
- trying to establish a bank. Walter Kotaba, president of the
- Polamer Travel Agency, wants to build a housing subdivision near
- Warsaw. "What's taken place is a revolution without blood," he
- exults. "It's a wonderful thing."
- </p>
- <p> But beneath the jubilation runs a strong undercurrent of
- worry. American Poles are well aware that the country's economy
- is in ruins. "The pessimism and impatience in Poland is
- terrifying," acknowledges Chris Kamyszew, director of the Polish
- Museum of America. "Sometimes I wonder if freedom of speech and
- freedom of thought will compensate for the lack of the simplest
- products." Agrees Edward Dykla, president of the Polish Roman
- Catholic Union of America: "The Polish people expect miracles
- overnight, and they won't get them. The biggest problem Walesa
- has now is time." At week's end, as Chicago's Polonians gathered
- by the thousands to cheer Walesa in Daley Plaza, it was clear
- that they were determined to help him buy that time.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
-